The changes in structure and mechanical properties of hot-rolled eutectoid steel (0.76% C, 0.79% Mn, 0.32% Si) are studied after additional high-speed electrothermal treatment—normalization or quenching with high-temperature tempering. Steel after high-speed heating to 820°C was cooled at different rates to obtain pearlite structures or a mixture of the upper and lower bainites and tempered martensite. Such additional heat treatment improves the complex of mechanical properties of hot-rolled steel, most effectively after the formation of the bainitic structure. As found, the destruction of high-released steel after impact tests and static fracture toughness is accompanied by delamination with the propagation of a crack in a plane parallel to the rolling plane. This leads to anisotropy of the toughness. The static fracture toughness $K_{1\textrm{c}}$ of steel is slightly changing, depending on the orientation of the plane of fracture of the samples relative to the rolling plane, and its values remain at a sufficiently high level.