The method of cementation by the electrospark alloying (CESA) is considered. Samples of steel 20 are investigated. Metallographic, durometric, micro-X-ray spectral analyses, and surface roughness investigation are used as the research methods. As shown, the traditional CESA technology with graphite electrode does not allow obtaining high-quality coatings. A new CESA technology is proposed. It consists in the step-by-step samples treatment: in the first stage, the CESA of the sample surface is carried out in accordance with the selected discharge energy and with a productivity of 1 cm$^{2}$/min; in the second stage, the graphite powder in the form of a suspension made in the ratio of $\cong$80% graphite powder and 20% petroleum jelly is applied to the surface formed in the first stage; in the third stage, without waiting for drying, the CESA of the surface formed in the second stage in the same mode and with the same performance as in the first stage is performed. Comparative analysis of the quality parameters of the layer after the traditional and proposed CESA technologies show that after surface treatment according to the proposed technology the surface roughness is decreased from 8.3–9.0 $\mu$m to 3.2–4.8 $\mu$m, the doped layer continuity is increased up to 100%, the carbon diffusion zone depth—up to 80 $\mu$m, as well as the microhardness of the ‘white’ layer and its thickness up to 9932 MPa and to 230 $\mu$m, respectively.