Based on the conducted experiments, the effectiveness of the application of ferrovanadium from the composition of the powdered wire charge in the form of dispersed particles previously covered with a protective layer of plastic, during arc welding has been proven. We used VELTEK-N620 powdered wire with a diameter of 2.0 mm and experimental wires close in chemical composition to the mentioned standard brand, in which powdered fluoroplastic is used to cover ferrovanadium particles (5 g and 50 g of hydrocarbon per 120 g of ferrovanadium). The addition of coated modifiers to the charge did not worsen the arc burning; spattering of the molten metal during the transition to the liquid bath is reduced to moderate. In the case of surfacing the layers with the use of original flux-cored wires, differences are recorded. When using fluoroplastic in the amount of 5 g per 120 g of ferrovanadium, a decrease in the content of the majority of alloying components is observed due to an increase in the temperature of the bath and the time of its existence. Increasing the consumption of fluoroplastic to 50 g ensured preservation from evaporation and increased the presence of vanadium and chromium in the applied layer. Pearlite itself is not found in the structure of the deposited layer. The reason is in the increased presence of carbide-forming elements, which bound carbon into carbide compounds. The reduced amount of unbound carbon in the austenite also prevents the formation of martensite on further cooling. The layer of the base-metal bordering the fusion line with a changed carbon content, when using a wire with the addition of 5 g of fluoroplastic to the charge, had a reduced width of 120 μm, and with the addition of 50 g of fluoroplastic, it is much larger, up to 800 μm. The last fact can be considered as the consequence of an increase in the specific of the carbon particles transferred to the metal to be welded, as well as in the increase in the temperature of the melt and the time of its intensive contact with the base during cooling that leads to an increase in the stability of austenite and intensive diffusion of carbon. Due to the diffusion of carbon into the base metal, the ratio between the pearlite and ferrite components changed that gave indirectly grounds for estimating the carbon content in the mentioned layer at the level of 0.4−0.45 wt. %. Carbides are present in large quantities within all zones. Local accumulations of vanadium carbides are found, mainly at the locations of boundaries. In the zones of bainite transformation from austenite, no uni-directional structure is observed that indicates an unchanged crystallographic connection between these components. That is, the orientation of bainite subcrystals is not related to heat dissipation, but to the thermodynamics of the hardening process. The presence of zones of weld metal in the macrodimension with a directional structure is evaluated positively. It is expected that this will help to increase the wear resistance of the surface layer. The lack of crystallographic orientation of bainite is similarly perceived that acquires additional plasticity and resistance to destruction, when external forces are applied.