It is demonstrated that the application of combined processing, specifically, the simultaneous use of ultrasound and mechanical action (friction), is an effective method for surface treatment. Optimal parameters of influence are identified, which are leading to an increase in hardness, a favourable redistribution of stresses, and a reduction in surface roughness. This approach integrates the benefits of ultrasonic energy to modify the materials’ subsurface structure with the mechanical smoothing effects of friction. This synergy enhances material properties by refining the microstructure, promoting homogenous distribution of alloying elements, and inducing beneficial compressive stresses, all of which contribute significantly to improving the wear resistance and longevity of treated surfaces.