The equations for predicting the quality parameters of the coatings is proposed, which allow predicting structural parameters (thickness, continuity), mechanical properties (microhardness) and geometric parameters (roughness) based on the energy indicators of the electrospark alloying, such as discharge energy, as well as process productivity, and, therefore, to establish purposefully an algorithm for further governing of the surface properties of parts. The recommended algorithm allows determining the most rational way of forming of surface layers with a demand quality. The technique is tested for the fabrication of coatings on the cathode of steels 20 and 40 using aluminium as an anode.