Drilling workbench experimental studies are specified an empirical relationship between steel drilling tool oscillations and its design and drilling regime options. The standard deviation of vibration acceleration is specified as the studied oscillation option, i.e. the option workbench’s traverse after the rigidity and damping change device that is a part of drilling assembly. The rigidity and damping coefficient of this device is specified as the design options, and regime options included axial static load and speed of rotation of the steel bit. The constant factors during the experiment are the type and diameter of the steel three-cone bit and the flow rate of the flushing fluid. To obtain empirical dependences, the method of rational planning of experiments is chosen, according to which each combination of variables occurs only once during the research. The planned factor experiment is carried out using as rock sandstone blocks of the Vorotishche series composed of two layers with the stamp hardness of 1440 and 2050 MPa. The general multifactor function is presented as the product of partial dependences on four variables. As established, the probability of existence of all four partial dependences-factors is more than 0.95, which is a satisfactory result of approximation. As also found, an increase in the axial static load and speed of rotation of the steel bit leads to an increase in the vibration acceleration energy, and an increase in the damping coefficient—to the energy reduction. As found, the dependence of the vibration acceleration on the stiffness has a local maximum, which with increasing rock hardness shifts to the range of higher stiffness values. The analysis of the obtained results allowed to provide practical recommendations for reducing the harmful effects of vibrations of the drilling tool and reducing the energy consumption of the drilling process.